| 151 | 0 | 90 |
| 下载次数 | 被引频次 | 阅读次数 |
目的:研究节流孔分布和直径系数对主轴承载能力和稳定性的影响。方法:提出了非均匀分布变节流孔直径新型静压气浮主轴结构，采用有限差分结合线性小扰动法求解非稳态Reynolds方程计算主轴性能。结果:节流孔分布、节流孔直径系数、偏心率、供气压力和平均气膜厚度对主轴承载能力和稳定性有显著影响；偏心率为0.15、供气压力为0.6 MPa时，新型气浮主轴承载能力提高25%,节流孔直径系数为0.90～0.95时主轴承载能力最大。结论:偏心率越大，节流孔分布对主轴承载能力的影响越显著；相对于传统主轴，节流孔直径系数对新型主轴承载能力影响较小；气浮主轴承载能力随供气压力和偏心率增加而增大，随平均气膜厚度增大而减小；偏心率越小，节流孔非均匀分布提高主轴稳定性越显著，变节流孔直径有利于提高主轴临界涡动比，降低临界惯性力，增强主轴稳定性；增大平均气膜厚度有利于提高主轴稳定性；增加供气压力导致主轴临界惯性力增大，稳定性降低。
Abstract：Aims: This paper aims to study the influence of throttle hole distribution and diameter coefficient on the bearing capacity and stability of the spindle. Methods: A new type of static pressure air bearing spindle structure with non-uniform distribution variable throttle hole diameters was proposed; and the finite difference combined with the linear small disturbance method was used to solve the non-stationary Reynolds equation and calculate the spindle performance. Results: The distribution of throttle holes, throttle hole diameter coefficient, eccentricity, gas supply pressure, and average gas film thickness had a significant impact on the bearing capacity and stability of the spindle. When the eccentricity was 0.15 and the gas supply pressure was 0.6 MPa, the bearing capacity of the new air bearing spindle increased by 25%. The maximum bearing capacity of the spindle was achieved when the diameter coefficient of the throttle hole was between 0.90 and 0.95. Conclusions: The greater the eccentricity is the more significant the impact of orifice distribution on bearing capacity is. Compared to traditional spindles, the diameter coefficient of the throttle hole has a smaller impact on the load-bearing capacity of the new spindle. The bearing capacity of the air bearing spindle increases with the increase of gas supply pressure and eccentricity, and decreases with the increase of average gas film thickness. The smaller the eccentricity is, the more significant the improvement of spindle stability is due to the non-uniform distribution of throttle holes. Changing the diameter of throttle holes is beneficial for increasing the critical vortex ratio of the spindle, reducing the critical inertial force, and enhancing spindle stability. Increasing the average gas film thickness is beneficial for improving the stability of the spindle. Increasing the gas supply pressure leads to an increase in the critical inertia force of the spindle and a decrease in stability.
[1] GAO Q,CHEN W Q,LU L H,et al.Aerostatic bearings design and analysis with the application to precision engineering:State-of-the-art and future perspectives[J].Tribology International,2019,135:1-17.
[2] 李一平，叶海天，曹立，等.基于K-L散度和TEO的滚动轴承故障频率识别方法[J].中国计量大学学报，2021,32(3):310-317.LI Y P,YE H T,CAO L,et al.Fault frequency identification method of rolling bearing based on K-L divergence and TEO[J].Journal of China University of Metrology,2021,32(3):310-317.
[3] 金榕舜，沈功田，王强，等.基于EMD和近似熵的大型观缆车滚动轴承声发射信号故障诊断[J].中国计量大学学报，2018,29(4):417-423.JIN R S,SHEN G T,WANG Q,et al.Fault diagnosis of acoustic emission signals for rolling bearings of large ferris wheels based on empirical mode decomposition and approximate entropy[J].Journal of China University of Metrology,2018,29(4):417-423.
[4] YANG D W,CHEN C H,YUAN K,et al.Influence of orifices on stability of rotor-aerostatic bearing system[J].Tribology International,2009,42(8):1206-1219.
[5] 卢志伟，张君安，刘波.多孔集成节流空气静压轴承数值计算与性能研究[J].兵工学报，2019,40(10):2151-2160.LU Z W,ZHANG J A,LIU B.Numerical calculation and performance study of aerostatic bearing with multi-hole integrated restrictor[J].Acta Armamentarii,2019,40(10):2151-2160.
[6] LAI T,PENG X Q,LIU J F,et al.Design optimization of high-precision aerostatic equipment based on orifice restriction[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers,Part C:Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science,2019,233(10):1-16.
[7] MIYATAKE M,YOSHIMOTO S.Numerical investigation of static and dynamic characteristics of aerostatic thrust bearings with small feed holes[J].Tribology International,2010,43(8):1353-1359.
[8] CHEN C H,TSAI T H,YANG D W,et al.The comparison in stability of rotor-aerostatic bearing system compensated by orifices and inherences[J].Tribology International,2010,43(8):1360-1373.
[9] GAO S Y,CHENG K,CHEN S J,et al.CFD based investigation on influence of orifice chamber shapes for the design of aerostatic thrust bearings at ultra-high speed spindles[J].Tribology International,2015,92:211-221.
[10] CUI H L,WANG Y,WANG B R,et al.Numerical simulation and experimental verification of the stiffness and stability of thrust pad aerostatic bearings[J].Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2018,31(2):186-197.
[11] XIAO H,LI W,ZHOU Z X,et al.Performance analysis of aerostatic journal micro-bearing and its application to high-speed precision micro-spindles[J].Tribology International,2018,120:476-490.
[12] 崔海龙，岳晓斌，张连新，等.基于数值模拟的小孔节流空气静压轴承静动态特性研究[J].机械工程学报，2016,52(9):116-121.CUI H L,YUE X B,ZHANG L X,et al.Static and dynamic characteristics of aerostatic bearing based on numerical simulation[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2016,52(9):116-121.
[13] ZHANG J B,ZOU D L,TA N,et al.Numerical research of pressure depression in aerostatic thrust bearing with inherent orifice[J].Tribology International,2018,123:385-396.
[14] 王犇，王晓力，张小青，等.微小型涡轮发动机圆锥气体静压轴承的特性研究[J].北京理工大学学报，2016,36(3):221-225,288.WANG B,WANG X L,ZHANG X Q,et al.Study on the characteristics of the aerostatic conical bearing for micro turbine engines[J].Transactions of Beijing Institute of Technology,2016,36(3):221-225,288.
[15] CHEN D J,HUO C,CUI X X.Investigation the gas film in micro scale induced error on the performance of the aerostatic spindle in ultra-precision machining[J].Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing,2018,105:488-501.
[16] ISHIBASHI K,KONDO A,KAWADA S,et al.Static and dynamic characteristics of a downsized aerostatic circular thrust bearing with a single feed hole[J].Precision Engineering,2019,60:448-457.
[17] 贾晨辉，庞焕杰，邱明.球面螺旋槽动静压气体轴承的动态特性分析及稳定性预测[J].航空动力学报，2017,32(6):1400-1411.JIA C H,PANG H J,QIU M.Analysis of dynamic characteristics and stability prediction of spherical spiral groove hybrid gas bearings[J].Journal of Aerospace Power,2017,32(6):1400-1411.
[18] CHEN C H,YANG D W,KANG Y,et al.The influence of orifice restriction on the stability of rigid rotor-aerostatic bearing system[C]//Turbo Expo:Power for Land,Sea,and Air.Orlando:ASME,2009:909-917.
[19] 李运堂，廖佳文，王鹏峰，等.加工误差和形位误差对气浮主轴稳定性的影响[J].机床与液压，2023,51(8):15-24.LI Y T,LIAO J W,WANG P F,et al.Effect of manufacturing errors and journal misalignment on the stability of aerostatic spindle[J].Machine Tool and Hydraulics,2023,51(8):15-24.
基本信息:
DOI：
中图分类号:TH133.36
引用信息:
[1]高翔,李运堂,王鹏峰等.非均匀分布变节流孔直径静压气浮主轴承载能力与稳定性研究[J].中国计量大学学报,2024,35(01):43-52.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金项目(No.51675198); 浙江省自然科学基金重点项目(No.LZ23E050002,LZ23E060002); 浙江省属高校基本科研业务费专项项目(No.2020YW29)